Sofa Issues
We Are What We Eat
“All of us already have a common connection to food, at least for most of us who have the privilege of having family dinners or gatherings. These foundational experiences are a great way to connect simply through the fact that most of us already grew up connecting through food. Food was the main point of why we gathered together.”
Richard Văn Lê
Growing up in a Vietnamese household, my childhood consisted of many special moments in the kitchen and around the dining room table. My grandmother was an amazing cook and always knew what ingredients could be missing with just a taste off her finger. She knew how to cook everything– Thịt kho, Bánh xèo, Bún riêu, Bánh hỏi, Bánh bao, Chả giò (to name just a few). Each week, my entire family would flock to our house to eat as a whole and always left with more for their next visit. These cook-ins were integral to the bond of our family; the adults would chit-chat and catch up while the kids enjoyed each other’s company. I grew up watching my mother help my grandmother prep ingredients, and as we all got older, my mother would take charge and I would be the one to help. Whether it was sharing a meal or helping in the process, the best connection often occurred during these moments and between. Seeing how food was so incredibly vital to strengthening bonds, I wanted to further investigate this relationship outside of the home. Because I grew up amidst many cultures that shared the same relationship with food, I already had an existing curiosity about food being a vessel for cultural exchange and understanding, as well as a great marker of identity and a reminder of home. For more insight, I decided to head towards the Alberta Arts District to speak with Richard Văn Lê, who co-owns the Vietnamese-American fusion brunch restaurant, Mémoire Cà Phê, and ask about his perspective of food being a channel for human connection and exchange.
As it turns out, Richard was my “rec leader” (‘rec’, as in ‘recreational’) leader for the San Jose City Parks and Recreation Department when I was a young student at Summerdale Elementary in San Jose, California. He was a part of a handful of adults hired to supervise children of working class families after school. I had reached out to Mémoire not knowing he was who he was. Prior to this interview, the last he had seen me I was still learning my time tables, and quite frankly, was a bit of a brat. But, who isn’t in 3rd grade?
Sarah: How would you describe your role at Mémoire?
Richard: My name is Richard Văn Lê. I’m the chef and co-owner of Mémoire. I made the savory food program here.
Sarah: Both of us come from San Jose, known to hold one of the largest Vietnamese populations out of Vietnam. Do you notice any differences in the community here versus the one we grew up in San Jose, whether it’s the food we eat or the different tastes?
Richard: The main difference is the accessibility for Vietnamese food. Obviously it is much higher in San Jose, whereas in Portland it’s still growing. I’m very privileged in the sense that I get to be a part of this new wave of Vietnamese businesses.
The benefit of growing up in San Jose is that we were exposed to so much Vietnamese culture, almost so much so that it was hard to find our own identity. Because we were so immersed in all of it, it was hard to be even sure where you could fit into all of that. When I moved to Portland, I was able to find a better sense of my identity because I was able to see that there wasn’t a huge community of Vietnamese people here. That gave me the ability to see how fortunate I was growing up to have a large Viet community and how important it was to my upbringing. Having that as a base layer was really profound, even in finding my own brand and figuring what that model was going to be and what Mémoire would be. Those building blocks helped build my overall identity.
Sarah: Your menu has a variety of many different ingredients that people familiar with Vietnamese cuisine may recognize. What do you hope people would take away from their dining experience here?
Richard: The goal with the menu here is to really just highlight those familiar ingredients. It’s not necessarily that we make Vietnamese food, it’s more that we make Vietnamese-American food where we can tie in together the diaspora of being American and having these Vietnamese flavors come through regardless of what vessel it’s put in.
For example, we do breakfast burritos, breakfast sandwiches and all that stuff, but all the flavors are still inherently Vietnamese. We want that essence to shine through our dishes.
Sarah: Are there any family recipes that inspire the items on your menu?
Richard: Definitely. The fish sauce bacon we make here is actually a rip off of Thịt Kho.
Sarah: Oh okay! Nice.
Richard: Yeah, I grew up making that, and I was taught by my family. My family’s own recipe is tied into the fish sauce bacon here. I also do a shrimp omelet that’s my mom’s recipe. She used to make that when I was growing up. Tomato, eggs, shrimp. I ate that a lot…
For the most part, we try to keep things real close to home. Mémoire as a business is built around paying homage to our lost parents. All three of the owners here have lost a parent. We keep ties to a familial connection.
Sarah: I’m so sorry, my condolences. Do you have any personal memories of food bringing people together in your life and do those memories influence your approach to Mémoire?
Richard: Yeah, I think here we make it a point to make it feel like you’re eating at someone’s house, as opposed to a restaurant. You want it to feel lively and fun. The music is a big part of that, and we try to make it feel like a house party. That’s the energy we want to bring! It’s a fun way to have the feeling of being in someone’s home but also pushing forward really fun food.
Sarah: Last Thanksgiving, I saw that you provided cooked meals to those in need, no questions asked. What inspired you to use food as a tool for building connections between communities?
Richard: Before Mémoire, we had a food cart called Matta and we were already giving out meals during COVID and holiday seasons. We figured that if we were going to get back to the feeling of community, a good way would be to give back in times of need to those who need company around the holidays, especially for those who are in scarce situations. It’s a great way for us to re-engage with our community. We’re not here to always make money.
As a business of course, making money is part of the game, but at the end of it all, we’re blessed that we’re even able to do this. So, a nice way to show our gratitude is to make food and serve it in hopes of making someone’s day.
I’m a transplant so I know what it feels like to not have anybody around during the holidays, so it’s a cool way to get everyone together, even for a short moment in time. So we try to keep that same tradition here Mémoire.
Sarah: That’s beautiful! I want to know, how has the local community embraced Mémoire? How have you connected with them aside from providing free meals?
Richard: I would say that because all three of us owners already have their individual businesses, we already built a large community around us to begin with. When we announced this project, even as a pop-up, we immediately got a huge response because people were just excited we were doing stuff together. The other owners—Kim and Lisa—they’re like my sisters. So we just spent a lot of time together to begin with and in a way that has translated into how people experience us as a business. Mémoire feels more like hanging out with all three of us.
Sarah: Do you think fusion cuisine plays a unique role in fostering understanding between different cultures?
Richard: I think there’s definitely a cool way to use fusion as a vessel in helping provide a new, yet not new, way of interpreting food. I think the food we do here is tied to aspects that are very inherently Vietnamese but there’s also certain aspects where you could have a very simple thing like a breakfast sandwich.
For instance, we have fish sauce in almost everything aside from the mushrooms we serve. It gives people the ability to try something that’s maybe a little unfamiliar in a vessel that is approachable and can open up to a bigger dialogue later.
Sarah: Have you noticed any moments where customers learned something new about Vietnamese culture through your food?
Richard: The biggest thing we heard the most excitement about is accompanying chili oil or Thai chili hot sauce to our food. Normally here, people are thrown back by the Thai chilis. They get a little thrown back, like “ooo, too spicy”, but the idea we try to bring across is that we find balance between all of these flavors. We try to market them to create a more open understanding. They learn that you can put these things on anything and it’ll make it taste better. That’s kind of what we’re trying to get across there.
Sarah: What do you think makes food uniquely powerful in bringing people together?
Richard: All of us already have a common connection to food, at least for most of us who have the privilege of having family dinners or gatherings. These foundational experiences are a great way to connect simply through the fact that most of us already grew up connecting through food. Food was the main point of why we gathered together.
If someone in my family was bringing in a big pot of Phở or Bún bò Huế, my whole family would come over and cycle through eating that big pot. In the same way we had that growing up, we have the same mentality here. We make a bunch of food and draw people together in a common space.
Sarah: Is there anything that you haven’t tried yet that you’re hoping to do in the future?
Richard: Yeah, I think Mémoire is still at its infant stage, so we’re still figuring out long staying items. For the most part, our items currently on our menu have been well received. I think the next step is to figure out how to scale it outside, because the space we’re in is really small. We’re eventually going to have to get a bigger space, and then maybe we’ll venture out with making stuff like Baos and the things most Viet kids grew up eating.
Sarah: Are there any local Vietnamese grocery stores that you shop at?
Richard: Hong Phat.
Sarah: Have you been to the new large one?
Richard: I haven’t yet. I’m so used to going to the small one. It’s my favorite. It just feels so much like home when I go there. It feels like San Jose when I go. Whenever I’m there it feels like I’m transported back to the hometown and I feel at ease. I know where everything is and how to get around, and they know me there too now, so it’s super cool to be able to immerse myself there.
Sarah: Wow, well thank you so much for your time. I think that’s all the questions I have for you. Thank you so much.
Richard: Thank you. Nice to see you again.
Richard Văn Lê is the chef and co-owner of Mémoire Cà Phê, a vietnamese-american brunch experience. He hails from the city of San Jose, CA, where he was immersed in a vast and eclectic Vietnamese community. Being exposed to that world allowed him to explore both sides of his identity. This space to explore allowed him to find the niche and introspective parts of Vietnamese and American food, creating bridges between the two and bringing projects such as mémoire to life. The food revolves around childhood memories, and some parts of it are homages to family and their impact on his life.
Sarah Luu is an interdisciplinary artist, writer and barista. She gravitates towards photography, ceramics, zines and print-making. As a first generation Asian American, her work has touched on themes of her mixed Vietnamese-Chinese identity, intergenerational trauma and tradition. She explores themes outside those topics by pulling inspiration from her lived experience growing up in the San Francisco Bay Area surrounded by a vibrant arts and music culture. She holds a BA in Studio Art, Preparation for Teaching from San Jose State University and is currently studying for an MFA in the Art and Social Practice program at Portland State University. She describes herself as “interdisciplinary in life”, having backgrounds in not only art but also dance, theater, music, community service, baking and coffee. Her favorite food at the moment is Bánh Canh and she can roller skate backwards.
Beyond the Cascade: To My Best Friend
“If you move somewhere new and don’t feel that sense of loss or unease, I’m not sure you’re fully engaging with the experience. It’s through those feelings that you grow, adapt, and ultimately transform.”
William Matheny
William and I first crossed paths a few years ago, just as the world stood on the brink of an event that would redefine our lives: the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020. From that fortuitous meeting, our lives became intertwined, woven together by a friendship that has navigated profound challenges and joys. Over the past five years, our bond has served as a lens through which we explore questions of human connection, cultural exchange, and resilience.
We share a background in graphic design, as well as the experience of not being from Portland. William is originally from Laurel, Mississippi, and I am from San José, Costa Rica. He was the first friend I made in the United States. This shared context has shaped our friendship, offering us insights into what it means to create a sense of belonging in a place far from home. Our conversations often touch on universal themes, from the expectations and realities of moving to a new city to the unexpected lessons of cross-cultural friendships.
In this interview, we reflect on our shared experiences and examine how friendship evolves across cultural and geographic boundaries, the concept of chosen family, and the role of art in fostering understanding. This is not just a conversation about us, but a broader exploration of the human condition—our struggles, hopes, and connections. This discussion is an invitation to consider how personal relationships can illuminate universal truths and inspire us toward a future where differences are not a weakness, but a strength.
Manfred Parrales: Moving often feels like being suspended between two worlds. How do you navigate the tension between the person you were before moving to Portland, Oregon, and the person you’ve become after sixteen years here? What’s your starting point?
William Matheny: I’m William Matheny, 39 years old, originally from Laurel, Mississippi—though I haven’t lived there for the past 16 years. My journey to Portland started in an unexpected way. I was studying design at the University of Southern Mississippi, but after just one semester, I realized I couldn’t stay in Mississippi any longer. It just hit me one day—I needed to leave.
I picked three schools to apply to and decided that whichever one accepted me first would be where I’d go. As it turned out, the first acceptance letter came from a school in Portland, Oregon. Six months later, I packed my things, moved here, and started school. I graduated, decided to stay, and, well, the rest is history.
Manfred: How do you define the person you were before leaving Mississippi and the person you’ve become after sixteen years?
William: When I moved to Portland, I was 22. Now I’m 39. That’s 16, almost 17 years of growth, and I can confidently say I’m a completely different person than I was back then.
What stands out most about that time is the culture shock I experienced upon arriving in Portland. Coming from such a staunchly Republican and conservative environment, the contrast was stark. Growing up gay in Mississippi was an experience I didn’t realize was so unique—or even unusual—until I moved here. It wasn’t until I left that I began to understand just how different my upbringing was from the values and culture of this part of the world. Portland, in many ways, felt like a completely different planet.
There was a significant tension within me as I adjusted. It took years of unlearning and challenging the old ideas I had about how the world worked, or how my life was “supposed” to be. Letting go of those ingrained notions was difficult, but it was also transformative. It reshaped how I see myself and how I navigate the world.Moving to Portland allowed me to grow into the person I truly am. I could never have done that staying in Mississippi. Living here gave me the space to discover more of myself—my identity, my values, and my sense of belonging—in ways I never imagined possible back home. For that, I’m deeply grateful.
Manfred: When you leave a place you call home to build a new life—pursuing a dream, a career, love, or a job—there’s often a sense of loss. Did you feel that sense of loss when you moved from Mississippi to Portland?
William: When I left Mississippi and moved to Portland, the first six months were incredibly difficult. I struggled so much with the adjustment. In fact, six months after arriving, I called my mom and told her to buy me a ticket home. I didn’t want to be here anymore. I missed my friends and the familiarity of everything I had left behind. It felt overwhelming.
But my mom, being the wise person she is, told me, “You said you wanted to do this. Stick to it. I’m not buying you a ticket back home. Give it a year and see what happens.” That tough love was one of the best things she ever did for me. What felt like the hardest, scariest thing I’d ever done—leaving behind everything and everyone I knew to move to a completely unfamiliar place—ended up being a pivotal moment in my life. It was my first major life shift, and in many ways, it prepared me for others that followed.
I think that sense of loss, that discomfort, is a necessary part of growth. If you move somewhere new and don’t feel that sense of loss or unease, I’m not sure you’re fully engaging with the experience. It’s through those feelings that you grow, adapt, and ultimately transform. It’s not easy, but it’s essential.
William 2 years old (1987). Photo courtesy by William Matheny. / William, dos años (1987). Fotografía cortesía de William Matheny.
Manfred: How do you think moving challenges the concept of home? Can we ever truly belong to a single place?
William: That’s a tough one—can we ever truly belong to a single place? Honestly, I’m not sure. Even now, after all these years in Portland, I sometimes feel restless, like it doesn’t always feel like “home.” Moving has really challenged my understanding of what home even means. I’ve come to see it less as an external place and more as something internal—about who you are and who you’re with, rather than where you are.
That said, I do believe there are places we’re drawn to, places that call to us in a way that feels significant. Those places can be “home,” but I don’t think we’re limited to just one. I completely agree that we can have more than one home, and we can find home in people as much as in places.
Ultimately, though, I think the most important kind of home is the one we create within ourselves. That’s the only thing that’s ever truly ours. It’s not tied to geography or circumstance—it’s something we carry with us, no matter where we go.
Manfred: You’ve had your own experiences building community, friendships, and relationships across different cultures. In our friendship, William, do you think friendships like ours—built across cultural and geographic divides—help foster deeper understanding of each other? What moments of tension or misunderstanding have led to a deeper insight about ourselves and each other?
William: I think the biggest thing I’ve learned from our friendship and from my relationships with other people from different cultures is the realization of the privilege I’ve had growing up, and still have, simply by being from the United States.
Seeing people I love deeply struggle just to find work, just to stay in this country, just trying to survive here—it’s made me realize the extent of that privilege. The ability to travel freely, to have access to opportunities… I was really ignorant about that before meeting so many people who are struggling in ways that I couldn’t even imagine.
I think what’s been really eye-opening for me is understanding how, no matter how hard people try, they don’t always have the same access or permission to be here. And even for those who do manage to stay, they still don’t have the same access to resources that people from the U.S. do. That’s been a tough pill to swallow. But I also think that learning about these things and having conversations with people about them has really deepened my relationships. It’s made me more aware, more compassionate. And honestly, it’s changed me for the better.
Manfred: Do you have a specific memory related to that, something that comes to mind or to your heart, when you think about all the people you’ve met throughout your life, here in Portland and perhaps back home?
William: I think the memory that stands out most to me is from meeting a few people here in Portland who came with certain citizenships or visas, or who were here for school, and it never even crossed my mind that they might not be able to stay.
But then, to learn that there’s this hard deadline, and that there’s absolutely nothing anyone can do to help them stay here, was a huge shock. It was a real eye-opener for me. To find out that there are only a few legal ways to stay in the country, and that many of those options are just not accessible to most people who are here—it really made me realize how much I didn’t know about the immigration process. It was kind of mind-blowing.
Manfred: Part of these experiences require a lot of listening to others. How does the act of listening, especially across differences—like with people from other places and cultures—become a radical form of connection and understanding for you?
William: I think more than anything, in any type of relationship—whether it’s a friendship, family, or romantic relationship—listening is absolutely paramount. It’s essential to having a genuine relationship with anyone.
I’ve learned over time to listen to people naturally, but I’ve also encountered many individuals who speak over others or simply don’t listen. The feeling of not being heard is really intense, and I personally experienced that at a young age—not being heard or seen. Because of that, I think I learned early on how important it is to listen to people.
Will’s 3rd birthday party (1988). Photo courtesy of William Matheny. / Fiesta de cumpleaños de Will, 3 años (1988). Fotografía cortesía de William Matheny.
Manfred: Loneliness is something everyone experiences at different stages of life, often as a deeply personal pain despite being a universal experience. Do you believe that moments of shared vulnerability in friendships can help combat loneliness? What are your thoughts on the relationship between loneliness and friendship?
William: Yeah, absolutely. I think friendship is a balm for the soul—100%. I definitely believe it helps combat loneliness, though I don’t think it solves everything. Loneliness, in some ways, feels like a necessary part of being human. I think those moments of solitude can uncover things about ourselves that we might not discover otherwise.
But when it comes to friendship, it ties back to listening and being heard. When someone truly hears us, when they see us for who we are, that feels like medicine for the soul. Friendship combats loneliness by allowing us to share ourselves with others and to feel connected in a way that’s deeply affirming. And when we reciprocate that, it becomes a shared experience that has the power to heal.
Manfred: Has there been a moment in your life when you experienced a deep sense of loneliness?
William: I’ve actually experienced loneliness quite a lot in my life. It’s something that changes as we grow older. As we age, loneliness takes on different forms. There are expectations we have when we’re younger—about what life should look like—that we eventually have to grieve when things don’t unfold the way we envisioned. That kind of realization can bring its own unique loneliness.
I’m not afraid of loneliness anymore, though I certainly wouldn’t want to be lonely forever. There’s a difference between the kind of loneliness we can grow from and deeper loneliness that leads to depression—that’s a different, much harder experience. But where I am now, I see loneliness as something I can move through, something that can coexist with joy and connection. And of course, friendship is an incredible balm for the soul in those moments.
Manfred: You’re a graphic designer and artist, and art has been an important part of your life. How has your artistic journey evolved over the past fifteen or sixteen years, and how do you see art as a tool for building bridges across cultures, friendships, and relationships?
William: Visual design has been a skill that came naturally to me—it’s something I’ve honed over the years and used as a creative outlet. But when I think about my artistic journey, I realize that my creativity has always been bigger than just one medium. I’ve dabbled in many forms of expression, whether it’s photography, music (which was my first love), or visual design. Each of these outlets has served a different purpose in helping me connect with others and process the world around me.
Art, for me, is inherently communal. For instance, being part of the LGBTQ+ choir was an amazing way to build community. We were creating something together, expressing emotions, and telling stories that resonated on a deeply human level. Photography is another example—when I collaborate with someone on a project, it’s more than just taking pictures; it’s about creating something meaningful together, forming bonds through shared experiences.
What I love most about art is its ability to take something abstract—an emotion, a thought, or an experience—and make it tangible, something others can see, hear, or feel. It’s a way of saying, “This is what I’m feeling, and I want to share it with you.” That’s where art becomes a universal language.
The most powerful thing about art is its ability to transcend cultural and geographic boundaries. Whether it’s a piece of music, a photograph, or a design, art taps into universal emotions. A song, for example, can evoke the same feelings in someone in the U.S. as it does in someone in a completely different part of the world. It’s a shared experience that reminds us of our common humanity.
Right now, I’m rediscovering some of my creative outlets like photography and music, and it’s been a wonderful way to connect with people. Art provides a shared space for dialogue and understanding. I absolutely believe that art is a powerful tool for bringing people together, for building community, and for fostering understanding across differences.
William Matheny’s Senior Thesis Exhibition (Part 5 of a 12 piece silk screen installation): PNCA (2011). Photo courtesy of William Matheny. / Exposición de la tesis de licenciatura de William Matheny (Parte 5 de una instalación de 12 piezas de serigrafía): PNCA (2011).Fotografía cortesía de William Matheny.
Manfred: What’s a good or bad memory of friendship that comes to mind for you?
William: One great memory that stands out to me is when we went to see Sarah McLachlan in Bend, Oregon. That was such a good time! We were surrounded by a lot of white folks, but we were just living it up and having a blast together. It was freezing cold, and we ended up drinking a lot of liquor just to stay warm—it was hilarious and so much fun.
Another favorite memory is when you first moved here, and we used to hang out at my place every Thursday evening. We’d listen to the same playlist every time, starting with Regina Spektor, throwing in some Ani DiFranco, Tori Amos and even sneaking in a little Taylor Swift. It became this beautiful tradition that I’ll always treasure.
And you know what else I love? Taking trips with friends from other places. Seeing the area through their eyes makes it feel new again, like when we explored different parts of Oregon together. Those moments, those adventures—those are the ones I’ll always remember fondly.
Manfred: What do you think our friendship says about the broader human experience?
William: I think our friendship is a perfect encapsulation of everything we’ve been talking about. It shows that as human beings, we’re deeply capable of connection—regardless of where we come from.
Honestly, I don’t subscribe to all the divisive narratives happening right now, especially in the U.S., where there’s so much emphasis on labeling people by their origin. Where we come from is something we can’t control, and it has absolutely nothing to do with the character of a person. I don’t understand how anyone could look at another person and reduce them to just that one aspect of their identity.
Our friendship is proof that coming from different places isn’t something that divides us—it’s actually something that connects us. It’s a beautiful thing that broadens our minds and forces us to grow.To me, it’s a testament to how life is made better by diversity. Our friendship reminds me how wonderful life can be when we embrace all those differences as strengths rather than barriers.
Manfred: What’s something you’ll remember about all these years of friendship?
William: I think what I’d hold onto the most is personal—it’s about you and the unique bond we share. It feels like we’ve truly seen each other in ways that go beyond words, and I’ll always treasure that.
Honestly, being your friend has felt like we’ve known each other forever, like we’re family in some cosmic way. You feel like a brother to me, like we’ve been connected in some other lifetime or through some unexplainable force. I can’t imagine my life without having known you, and that’s such a powerful thing to carry forward.
Every friendship plants a seed of hope in us. Hope that we’ll be seen, loved, and understood—not just once, but over and over again. Our friendship has been a gift in that way. It’s not just the joy of being loved and understood but also the reassurance that those moments of connection can’t be taken away.
The way we’ve experienced and understood each other is entirely unique. No one else will see me the way you have, and no one else will see you the way I do. That’s what makes it so special.
We often talk about the concept of chosen family in the LGBTQ+ community, and after all these years, I know that’s what we are. It’s incredible that someone from Costa Rica and someone from Mississippi could form such a deep connection, but here we are. At this point in our lives, you are my chosen family, and I want to carry that with me until my last day on this earth.
Thank you, Manfred, for being that person in my life.
William’s self portrait (2025). Photo courtesy of William Matheny. / Autorretrato de William (2025). Fotografía cortesía de William Matheny.
William Matheny (He/him) is a visual designer and artist living in Portland, Oregon by way of South Mississippi. He has a BFA in Communication Design from the Pacific Northwest College of Art and 11+ years of print and visual design experience. When he isn’t working as a visual design lead as part of Nike’s greater Innovation Team, he enjoys hiking throughout the Pacific Northwest, taking photos with his Fujifilm X-T50, or studying music.
Manfred Parrales (He/his) is a multidisciplinary Latin artist whose practice bridges design, art history, social practice art, video, and community building. With a strong foundation in art history and visual communication, he integrates diverse media and collaborative methodologies into his work, positioning art as a vehicle for collective dialogue rather than individual expression.
His work reflects a commitment to social practice art, video, education, and research, exploring themes and projects that address nostalgia, transition, loneliness, memory, and identity. His professional trajectory has led him across Latin America and the United States, where he has gained extensive experience in museum curation, community institutions,education, tech companies, video production and video art.
He holds a BFA in Art History from University of Costa Rica, studies in Graphic Design from University of Costa Rica and a MFA in Contemporary Art Practice: Art and Social Practice from Portland State University.
The Path Taken
“After every program, I hear feedback that makes me think, “I’m so glad we did this.” That kind of reaction is the greatest motivation for me.”
Dr. Masami Nishishiba
The Japanese Local Government Management Training Program (JaLoGoMa), organized by the Center for Public Service at Portland State University (PSU), is a special program designed to help develop capacities for community development in Japan. It has been held every summer since 2004 and is open to those from Japan who are interested in building community, regardless of their English proficiency or professional background.
Since its inception, Dr. Masami Nishishiba has served as the program director, and the program has impacted numerous local government officials and community development professionals. These include civil servants, politicians, nonprofit workers, professors, and engaged citizens. Various stakeholders in community development come together to share experiences, engage in discussions, and learn from one another.
The program now has over 600 graduates across Japan. Although they are based in different regions, they remain connected through the alumni network, striving to make a positive impact in their respective fields with a shared vision of a better world. Despite facing numerous challenges over the years, the program has continued to grow and evolve, sustained by the dedication and tireless efforts of its volunteers and staff.
In the summer of 2024, I had the opportunity to assist with JaLoGoMa for the first time. The experience was profoundly impactful, as I found many elements resonated with social practice. At the beginning of the program, Dr. Nishishiba introduced the concept of “seeing things through our own internal sunglasses.” She explained that we all carry assumptions shaped by our past experiences and learning—preconceived notions that influence how we perceive the world. She likened this to seeing the world through “sunglasses” and encouraged participants to recognize the lenses they were wearing, let go of assumptions, and approach things with a fresh, open mind.
I believe that art breaks down deeply ingrained assumptions and biases, offering new perspectives, broadening our worldview, and fostering personal growth. As an artist engaged in both practice and research, I have often been struck by Dr. Nishishiba’s flexibility and insight—sometimes even deeply moved. Through my conversations with her, I became aware of my own “sunglasses,” such as the assumption that “those who study public administration aren’t as creative as those in the arts.” These moments have revealed vulnerabilities, anger, pain, and hopes within myself that I had never recognized before, often bringing me to tears as I shed those assumptions.
In this interview, I had the opportunity to learn about Dr. Nishishiba’s journey. To accommodate her post-surgery speech impairment, we used Google Docs as an online collaborative platform. The interview was originally conducted in Japanese and has been translated into English.
Midori Yamanaka: I understand you studied linguistics in Japan and worked as an interpreter for prominent figures like President Jimmy Carter and Bill Gates. Later, you moved to the U.S. and pursued studies at PSU. Could you share how your journey eventually led to research?
Dr. Masami Nishishiba (Masami-sensei): When I first moved to the U.S. because of my husband’s work, I intended to continue my career as an interpreter. However, I didn’t have a work visa and was unable to work at all. For a while, I commuted between Japan and the U.S. to continue my Japan-based interpreter work, but that arrangement had its limits.
At that time, an acquaintance introduced me to PSU’s graduate school. Thinking that it might be beneficial for my interpreting career, I enrolled in the Master’s program in Communication Studies. As I progressed, I found the research aspect incredibly engaging, which eventually led me to pursue a doctoral program in Public Administration and Policy at PSU.
Midori: So, becoming a researcher wasn’t your original plan when you started grad school?
Masami-sensei: That’s right. During my Master’s program, I worked on a thesis that involved data analysis using Multidimensional Scaling (MDS). That became a turning point. To learn more about the analytic process, I teamed up with three other colleagues to launch a research project. We aimed for conference presentations and worked together, exchanging ideas, debating, and navigating challenges. That experience was inspiring and made me realize how fascinating research can be, and I wanted to dive deeper into it. Ultimately, this experience solidified my decision to pursue a doctoral degree. Interestingly, among the four of us who worked on the research project together, all three Japanese members went on to pursue doctoral programs at different institutions.
Midori: That’s incredible! It’s truly rewarding for a university when students become so deeply engaged in their learning journey.
Masami-sensei: Indeed. My research journey eventually reconnected me to my interpreting background in unexpected ways. Through JaLoGoMa, I’ve had the opportunity to interpret, develop and teach an interpretation class at PSU, and take part in a grant project focused on interpreter education. These experiences have allowed me to continue working as an interpreter in a new capacity.
Midori: Wow! It sounds like everything came together as you followed your interests and curiosity.
By the way, you currently hold multiple roles: you’re a professor in the Department of Public Administration, Director of the Hatfield School of Government, Interim Director of the Nonprofit Institute, Program Director of the Public Affairs and Policy Doctoral Program, and you also direct special programs such as JaLoGoMa. How did you learn to take on and manage such diverse responsibilities? You seem to balance specialization with a wide range of leadership roles. How do you approach that?
Masami-sensei: I’d say that when it comes to management, my background in public administration helped me figure out how I approach things. Whether it’s leading a project or managing a team, I often find myself drawing on the theoretical frameworks and concepts from public administration. Conversely, being involved in actual administrative work also helps me see the gaps in theory, which can be quite enlightening. I make a conscious effort to integrate my teaching, research, and administrative work into a cohesive whole—that’s how I approach scholarship as an academic.
And, whenever I’m given an opportunity, even if it feels daunting, I try not to shy away from it but take on the challenge. Whether it’s an opportunity or a problem, I take time to think carefully, approach it step by step, and make sure to respond thoroughly. And above all, I try not to give up easily. Having perseverance and not giving up are principles I’ve always held onto.
Midori: Speaking of which, I remember the JaLoGoMa team members once saying, “We’re a group that just refuses to give up.” That must be your influence, Masami-sensei! Where does your “never give up” spirit come from?
Masami-sensei: I think it’s mainly my personality. As a child, my parents always told me, “If you start something, see it through to the end.” I’ve always disliked leaving things unfinished and prefer to keep going until I’m satisfied. That’s probably why, even with projects and programs, it feels natural to me to find ways to keep them going, ensuring that the energy and effort already invested don’t go to waste.
Midori: Was it the same with JaLoGoMa?
Masami-sensei: Yes. Throughout my career, I have fought to preserve three programs that faced the threat of discontinuation: the Executive MPA, the Nonprofit Institute’s Program Evaluation Certificate, and JaLoGoMa.
The most recent case was the Executive MPA, an accelerated public administration master’s program designed for experienced professionals. The Dean proposed placing it on moratorium due to university-wide budget cuts, despite its financial and academic value. Recognizing its uniqueness and the faculty’s long-standing efforts to develop it, I strongly opposed the decision. During my tenure as Department Chair, the program played a crucial role in student enrollment, and its suspension could have jeopardized a major donation from one of its founding faculty members, Dr. Doug Morgan. I advocated for its continuation by presenting a detailed case to the Dean and coordinating appeals from alumni and Dr. Morgan. As a result, the decision was temporarily withdrawn, with its future contingent on upcoming enrollment numbers.
The NPI Program Evaluation Certificate faced a different challenge. Initially grant-funded, it struggled after transitioning to a tuition-based model. When I stepped in as Interim Director of NPI, I had to find a way to sustain it. Careful financial management and participant recruitment helped in the short term, but the real turning point came in 2020, when we moved the program online. This shift significantly reduced costs and broadened access to participants across the U.S. and internationally. Additionally, new funding from the Oregon Health Authority allowed nonprofit organizations to receive subsidies, boosting enrollment in 2021. While I wasn’t involved in the program’s creation, I recognized its value and worked to ensure its survival. It has since become a cornerstone of NPI and a vital resource for the community.
And then there’s JaLoGoMa. When the Tokyo Foundation announced in 2016 that they would be terminating the “Tokyo Foundation Weekend School,” the precursor to JaLoGoMa, I was extremely frustrated.
Since the Tokyo Foundation was the primary “funder and organizer” while PSU was essentially a “subcontractor” for program implementation, it was not surprising that the foundation would unilaterally decide not to continue the contract and simply communicate their decision to us. After all, it was within their rights to end the contract without consulting us. However, when I received the notification, I couldn’t help but feel a deep sense of frustration. The thought of losing the expertise and know-how that had been cultivated over the past 12 years was particularly painful.
The first step I took was to confirm with the Tokyo Foundation that PSU would have their blessing to continue running the program independently. Once I secured their approval, I brought the JaLoGoMa team at PSU together and shared my idea to keep offering JaLoGoMa independently from the Tokyo Foundation. I acknowledged that while we might no longer have the financial backing to maintain the “Cadillac-level” program we had under the foundation, we could potentially pivot to a more efficient and sustainable “Toyota-like” program, leveraging participant fees and preserving the core expertise and methodology we had cultivated. I asked, “What do you think? Should we try this?” Deep down, I had already resolved, “We have to make this work, no matter what.”
Thankfully, the team—though I don’t recall exactly who was present at the time (likely Yachi, Dan, Randy, Chips, Yuko, and Naoko)—responded with an enthusiastic, “Let’s do it!” This marked the shift toward JaLoGoMa as it exists today: a program open not only to municipal employees but also to anyone with an interest in community development. Despite the ups and downs we’ve faced along the way, the program has managed to endure.
Looking back on the journey of keeping these programs alive, I’ve come to recognize that the three key factors played a crucial role in my decision to “not give up.” First, an unwavering belief in the significance and value of the programs themselves gave me a conviction that I should somehow figure out how to continue the programs. Second, the support of a dedicated team. In the case of JaLoGoMa, it was the collective determination of the team members who rallied behind the idea that “this program is worth continuing” that made it possible to persist. The other two programs I’ve mentioned also benefited immensely from the solidarity of those working alongside me.
Finally, the third factor was a personal one: the energy I derive from what I would describe as “a sense of indignation.” This feeling of frustration often fueled my determination. That “indignation” transformed into a competitive drive—a kind of defiant resolve to prove, “Just watch me, I’ll keep this going.” Whether it was my resistance to the Dean and Department Chair in the case of the Executive MPA, dissatisfaction with the previous director’s decision to step down without laying out any pathways for the the Nonprofit Institute’s Program Evaluation Certificate, or my frustration with the Tokyo Foundation in the case of JaLoGoMa, these emotions became powerful motivators.
Reflecting on all of this now, I realize that I’ve gained new insights into myself—things I wasn’t fully conscious of before.
Midori: I’m glad to hear that! From what I know of you, you’re always so calm, and it’s hard to imagine you ever being angry—but your determination is truly remarkable!
JaLoGoMa really is an extraordinary program. I heard from Yachi (Yachiyo Iisako, International Program Manager for the Center for Public Service at PSU and a long term staff member of JaLoGoMa) that, when it came to JaLoGoMa in 2024, the team considered the possibility of proceeding with the program without you if your health wasn’t well enough. However, as the program date approached, they saw you growing more and more energetic, which only strengthened their resolve. Even Yachi and Yuko (Yuko Solbach, also a long term staff member of JaLoGoMa) were saying, “We absolutely have to run JaLoGoMa.” It seems that JaLoGoMa holds a very special place in your heart. Could you share more about that? What was going on with you at that time?
Masami-sensei: Regarding my illness, I underwent my first surgery and radiation therapy in June 2011. Since then, I had a second surgery in 2014, chemotherapy and immunotherapy in 2020, and another round of chemotherapy starting in June of last year. Each treatment came with different progress and side effects, but every time, the goal of “returning to work” became my driving force for recovery.
JaLoGoMa, in particular, is the longest-running program I’ve been involved with, starting right after I completed my doctoral program. It has become what I would call my “life’s work.” Last year, after four years of online sessions, we finally had the chance to hold it in person again, and I was determined—absolutely determined—to make it happen. While there are several programs and projects I truly enjoy, JaLoGoMa stands out as my absolute favorite, holding a very special place in my heart.
Midori: Wow! That’s incredible! What makes it so enjoyable for you?
Masami-sensei: There are several elements that make the program enjoyable. First and foremost is the team. Working with colleagues I’ve been collaborating with for years, brainstorming ideas and discussing “this and that” freely as we build the program, is truly enjoyable.
Second, it’s the participants’ reactions. Each year brings different responses, but after every program, I hear feedback that makes me think, “I’m so glad we did this.” That kind of reaction is the greatest motivation for me.
And third, it’s the intellectual fulfillment I get from developing the program’s fundamental concepts. Last year, when I was still in the hospital, Yachi came to visit and said, “We need to start deciding on the JaLoGoMa program outline.” At that time, I was feeling quite unwell, but when Yachi showed me the program calendar and plan, I felt a surge of energy. We sat together at a table, discussing things like, “Let’s organize it this way, invite this speaker, and plan that,…” and I found myself invigorated. By the time the conversation ended, I genuinely thought, “That was so much fun.”
As part of my treatment, I work with a counselor, and she has told me that in my case, work brings me joy and serves as the driving force that gets me out of bed every day. That’s why it’s so important for me to keep enjoying my work. Among all my projects, JaLoGoMa stands out as “super fun” work—it’s truly special to me.
Midori: Super fun work! That’s wonderful! Listening to your story, I was reminded that even when working within organizations and systems, it’s ultimately up to us to shape our own lives. By holding on to what we believe in, acting without giving up easily, and finding joy in the process, we create something that later becomes a source of strength for ourselves.
Masami Nishishiba (she/her) is a Professor of Public Administration at Portland State University, holding leadership roles as Director of the Hatfield School of Government, Interim Director of the Nonprofit Institute, and Program Director of the Public Affairs and Policy Doctoral Program.
She earned a Bachelor’s degree in Linguistics From Osaka University and began her career in the International Affairs Department at the Kansai Economic Federation before transitioning to work as a Japanese-English conference interpreter. In 1991, she relocated to the United States, where she later earned a Master’s degree in Communication Studies (1998) and a Ph.D. in Public Administration and Policy (2003) from Portland State University. Her expertise includes civic engagement, multiculturalism, and intercultural communication. Diagnosed with tongue cancer in 2011, she underwent partial tongue removal surgery and continues to receive treatment while actively pursuing her work.
Midori Yamanaka (she/her) is an artist and educator based in Portland, Oregon. Her work traverses cultures, exploring commonalities, differences, and the spaces in between. She is devoted to discovering how art can open new perspectives, nurture understanding, and weave stronger social connections. She holds a BFA in Graphic Design from the Art Center College of Design and is currently pursuing an MFA in Art and Social Practice at Portland State University. Midori develops socially engaged projects that connect art and community.
Cover
This issue’s cover captures a quiet moment during the breakfast hour of our annual program retreat. Held each fall, the retreat marks the beginning of a new school year—a time when students from across the United States and around the world gather to reconnect after summer or embark on their first steps in the program. It’s a space to share perspectives, exchange experiences, and spark the connections that will shape the year ahead.
In a time of global uncertainty, this issue’s contributors explore the steady and transformative power of daily life. Through the simple acts of waking, eating, connecting with others, and building relationships within a community, they highlight how resilience, creative exploration, and social practice give us strength.
This issue invites readers to rediscover the profound impact of creating and connecting—even in turbulent times—and reminds us of the enduring power of art and human connection to inspire meaningful change.
Letter from the Editors
Can a place be a mentor? How about a disagreement? What can we learn from a beloved daily practice like singing or swimming? This fall we kick off the school year by paying homage to our teachers, be they people, moments, movements, or dilemmas.
In this issue we meet a swim enthusiast and zine fanatic who help us see our hobbies as sites for artistic research. We reconnect with close friends and mentors both old and new who show us how their practices in music, photography, or shared cultural experiences provide a fresh lens in which to investigate this moment in time. A security guard and a cultural worker whose understandings of the world differ from many of our own invite us to clarify our own views and revision the world we want to live in.
These exchanges seem to suggest that the deepest lessons are often happening outside of the classroom altogether, in places we might least expect. So as long as we keep paying attention and asking questions, we’ll never run out of opportunities to learn more about ourselves and each other. Which then begs the question: Who taught you something today?
Your editors,
Nina Vichayapai, Lou Blumberg, Clara Harlow
Cut, Paste, Create: The Impact of Democratic Expression
“If I see something that I like, I’m gonna shout about it.”
– Kate Bingaman-Burt
Fresh out of undergrad, I knew that I wanted to continue zine making. I had discovered this communicative art form amidst the pandemic, and after completing my first issue I knew I never wanted to stop. Over the next three to four years it became more than just a form of expression, but a means of connecting and sharing. I found myself deeply intertwined with my local music scene in San Jose, California and used zine-making as a way to promote music artists and hidden venues. Through collage and zine-making workshops, I helped revive a local radio station to the way it was before COVID had greatly affected its numbers and halted operations. With my own impact in mind, I knew that I was not the only one who recognized the power of zines and utilized it for their community. I spoke with Kate Bingaman-Burt who co-runs Outlet, a “part risograph print shop, part store, part illustration studio, part workshop & pop-up event space, part community resource, and part zine library”, to further investigate how zines have impacted lives in ways beyond the publications themselves.
Sarah Luu: I just wanna start off with a simple question. How did your relationship with zines begin?
Kate Bingaman-Burt: Oh my gosh. The very first zine that I made–I don’t even think I realized I was making a zine. I was 19 years old and I was an English major– a freshly minted English major at a very tiny college in Southern Missouri. This was 1996-’97 and I had just started working as a student worker at a writing center which was great. It was the very first kind of Mac lab on campus and I really loved the other people that worked there.
My friend, Zach, who I had met on the very first day of college, also worked in the writing center, and he and I both actually had just quit our mass communications major. Both of us were like, “We’re not doing this anymore. We’re gonna be writers. We don’t need mass comm!” He had just started writing poems, and I really thought that they were great.
I wanted more people to read them. I grabbed a bunch of his poems and I told him, “We are going to make a book out of your poems. More people need to read them.”
I still remember that day. I remember the carpet on the floor. I commandeered the copy code for the business office photocopier which was upstairs from the writing center. I had just enough knowledge in layout software to put together a kind of combination of analog and digital for zine of Zach’s writing. I made 50 of them and saddle stitched it on the floor of the business office and then I had this pile of zines! It was called “3 Months with a Cult” and I spelled “February” wrong on the cover–I remember this because they were collected poems from February 1997 to April 1997. Once I sat there and looked at this pile of publications, I was like, “Well now, we have to put an event together so people can get them!” And that was my first event that I ever organized too.
I feel like that combination of making a publication and then also getting people in a space together to kind of share and celebrate that publication has been something that I’ve been doing for so many years. But that also was pretty significant for me, at least creatively, because at that stage of my young life, I didn’t really feel like I was a creative person. I really liked being around people who were doing creative things, and I loved having conversations with people that were in plays and in bands. I just loved being around people who were doing things and at that moment, when I was making that zine and organizing that event, I remember being like, “I’m doing something. I’m making something.” It felt really exciting, and it felt like something that I wanted to do again and again.
The thread that kinda ties everything together over these last 25 years or so is 1) zines and 2) the fact that I’m an enthusiast. If I see something that I like, I’m gonna shout about it.
And Zach and I are still friends!
Sarah: That’s so cool. I found that zines can really connect people in a deeper, unique way.
So, zine culture has deep roots in DIY, punk, and activist movements. How do you see your own work fitting into or even diverging from these traditions?
Kate: Well, I know that when I first started, it was definitely a platform for me to share other people’s work. I think a zine is a perfect container to showcase your ideas, your drawings, the things that you care about and get it into people’s hands. It’s a really beautiful, not gatekeepery way of expression.
I also think that it’s such a beautiful way to get in a room with people and make something tangible and physical, and then make multiples of it and share it with people. It’s one of the most democratic acts that a creative person can do. I love how accessible it is as a mode of expression.
As far as activism goes, when I opened my print shop, Outlet, in 2017, I was like, “Oh my god, okay, so it’s not a nonprofit, but we have printing presses.” One of the beautiful things about making zines, photocopies and risograph is that it’s high volume, low cost. So if we have folks that are coming to us with a one color poster for their cause that they deeply believe in or a one page zine that is going to educate and inform, it’s my responsibility to print that for them and they won’t have to pay for it and we’ll distribute it.
That’s always been something that has been part of the core value of Outlet. We want to help distribute material that you are passionate about, causes that you care for. Because again, it’s a printing press, and that’s what printing presses are for. That’s what I love about printing in general.
Sarah: We both know zines are very tangible pieces of media. How do you see zine culture evolving in the digital age?
Kate: Well, it’s funny because it’s a whole thing. I had a poster on my wall for the longest time, and it said “Zines aren’t dead”. This was probably around 2004 when there was a big debate–it’s so quaint and sweet thinking back upon it now, but we thought blogs were gonna kill zines. It was like it had to be an either-or thing where it was like, “Oh, no. The internet’s coming along and that’s gonna absolutely wipe away zine culture!” It thought it was funny, but that was a real thing.
As someone who actively participated in both zine culture and also online culture at the time, and still do, I felt like I was doing something that was a little bit radical where I would be promoting my zine on my blog and vice versa, reaching out to people. I mean, my first teaching job was at Mississippi State from 2004 to 2008, and I had started doing monthly zines. The way that I distributed my zines was just reaching out to people on the Internet and giving them this digital high five because I really just loved what they were doing and I wanted to basically share my zine with them. Instead of having a more hyperlocal distribution of a publication, I was able to put these different nodes all over and outside the U.S. by just reaching out with the Internet and having this beautiful combination of digital and analog. I feel like me feeling very nimble in both of those states has been a tremendous benefit.
And so those two things shouldn’t be either-or. They work together, and they are a powerful freaking thing when they work together.
Sarah: I love that. I feel like social media, despite its many emerging cons, is still a great tool for people to promote their work. It’s quite pessimistic to think that only one can exist without the other, you know?
Kate: Exactly. I also think too–and this is when I’m working with my students–that you can really leave a big impression. Yeah, you can do stuff online, but sending something you like or being nimble online and then sending in something following-up in the mail is way more impactful.
When I was coming up in school, it was very common for people to get mail promos. It was almost as if it was a joke, like, “Oh, no. I got another postcard from this illustrator. Big deal.” But nowadays, to get something in the mail means you care. There’s time put towards that, so it’s just so much more special and impactful.
Sarah: That’s really beautiful. I totally agree.
So your practice includes a multitude of disciplines: drawing, lettering, documenting. I’m curious about your practice of collecting–does that tie in with your zine-making?
Kate: Absolutely. That’s one of the things where whenever I start a new project, I want to be thinking: How are people going to be experiencing this kind of amorphous idea? What is the end result of these lists I’m making? What is going to be the final or one of the final deliverables for this maybe random list of words and ideas that I think are going to be this new project I’m working on? What is the word I’m looking for? Zines are a really great way to solidify and organize, and make a project feel a little bit more concrete if it’s in a publication form. It’s a container.
Then you’re able to think, okay. If I want to make a zine for this, then I’m gonna need “x” amount of drawings. If I’m working with a collection, it gives structure.
It gives control to the chaos. When there is that structure and that kind of control to more chaotic ideas, it really helps you to take that project across the finish line, too. Because then you’re like, “Okay. I’m gonna have this final object and I want to distribute it here or send it there.” It actualizes it for you, too.
Then it starts to feel more like a real thing than something that only exists in your sketchbook. That’s why for me, even if it doesn’t end up as a zine, it helps me organize my thought processes around what it is that I’m working on. For example, one of my newer projects that I’m working on right now is that I’m doing these 11×14 marker and gouache drawings of different Afghans I’ve purchased over the years. I’m just enjoying the colors and enjoying the marks.
I’ve also been enjoying trying to memorialize these different blankets that my six year old is obsessed with. It’s like a project talking about him and his emotions through blankets. Then I’m like, “Is this supposed to be a show?” No! I think I want this to be a series of prints. But then I also want to have these one color reproductions of those multicolor blankets in a zine form that would go into the back of these prints too. So overall it’s just a structure that helps me take a project over the finish line instead of having to just be a pile of drawings that don’t ever get completed or finished.
Sarah: In addition to your own practice, you also host community events within Outlet. What urged you to begin organizing workshops? Were there any unexpected outcomes?
Kate: 2006 was the first year that I was invited to do a zine workshop, and then I spent 2006 until 2017, when Outlet opened, traveling all around the country. I was giving zine workshops in London, Amsterdam, in Barcelona–the world, basically–where it was just me and my pink suitcase filled with my zine collection, my button maker, and just ridiculous zine making tools. I did that all through my thirties. And during my thirties, I got really involved with a Portland organization called Design Week Portland and we organized a lot of events that kind of goes back to me organizing that zine release event for my friend, Zach. I just like putting together events. I get great creative satisfaction from gathering people into our room and pointing, supporting and highlighting: You should learn this thing! You should meet this person!
It came along at the right time because I was 40 when Outlet opened and traveling became a lot. And then I had my kiddo, Hank, in 2018 when I was 41 and at that point I definitely didn’t travel nearly as much, and then the pandemic happened. It’s been an adventurous 7 years since opening up Outlet in 2017, but it has been really lovely to have a headquarters for workshops, my zine collection, a shop for folks to print on the risos, a space where people can reach out and see if they can utilize the space on nights we’re not open so they can have meetings for their organizations.
I just feel very lucky and privileged to be able to offer up space in the way that I do and to also, prior to opening up Outlet, have taken 20 years of trying to make spaces in other places. For instance, if I’m hosting a zine workshop in a weird classroom in a town that I’ve never been in before, I have to wonder how I can make that space feel like a welcoming one and one where people are going to want to make. Now, I can just camp out and have a space where that happens and that’s been lovely!
Over the years, it has evolved a lot. It’s now co-owned by business partner, Leland Vaughn. They were my first full-time employee that I hired in 2019, and then I offered, “Do you want half of whatever this is?” in 2022, and they said yes. So that’s been wonderful, too. They act as a full-time studio manager iin the day-to-day. I’m at Outlet all day on Wednesdays, I teach workshops on Saturdays, but I’m really at school the rest of those times.
Sarah: So I just have one last question for you. If you could collaborate on a zine with any artist, historical figure, or fictional character, who would it be and what would the zine be about?
Kate: Oh my god. Can I get back to you on that one? That’s a big question. Oh my gosh. Oh my gosh. There’s so many names that are going through my head right now!
Sarah: Yes! You can email or write it to me.
Fri, Oct 25, 2024 at 10:40 AM
Thank You!
Fr: Kate Bingaman
To: Sarah Luu
Hi Sarah!
okay! to answer your question:
If you could collaborate on a zine with any artist, historical figure or fictional character, who would it be and what would the zine be about?
My Dad passed away almost a year ago, and I have a ziplock bag of small items that belonged to him. I have picked it up, looked at it, and moved it around on my desk for many months to draw the items and make a zine about these items. I will eventually do this (I SWEAR), but I wish I had made a zine with him while he was still alive. I know this question is supposed to be a response about an artist, historical figure, or fictional character, but I am opting in for my dad. If your dad or mom or grandma or grandpa or another closer relative is still alive, make a zine with them!
Thanks Sarah!
KATE BINGAMAN-BURT (she/her) is a multi-disciplinary artist, illustrator, and educator based in Portland, Oregon. Kate’s teaching focuses on helping others find their creative voice and empowering people through making marks, making zines, and making prints! For her own practice, Kate mostly draws, letters, documents, and collects, but she also does a lot of other things that involve energy, conversation, and exchange. She is a full-time educator and makes illustrations for all sorts of clients all around the world including The New York Times, Hallmark, Girl Scouts of America, and Chipotle, as well as locally loved institutions like OMSI, Buy Olympia, and the Independent Publishing Resource Center. Since 2008, she has worked at Portland State and now holds the rank of Professor of Graphic Design. She is also the Associate Director of the School of Art + Design and the head of the Graphic Design program. In 2017, Kate founded the community print space Outlet which hosts workshops, pop-up events, a zine library, and a fully operational risograph print studio.
SARAH LUU (she/they) is an interdisciplinary artist, writer and barista. First generation Asian-American from San Jose, California, she currently studies and lives in Portland, Oregon. She holds a BA from San Jose State and is looking forward to the next several years in the MFA Art and Social Practice program at Portland State. Sarah has published multiple zines, including 2GÜD and Sound Shock. Aside from specializing in D.I.Y publications, her work explores themes of Asian American identity, diaspora, intergenerational trauma and family lineage through ceramics, printmaking, and photography. She describes herself as “interdisciplinary in life”, having backgrounds in not only art but also dance, theater, music, community service, baking and coffee.
“Art as Connection: Embracing Community Through Social Practice”
”It’s easy to fall into that ‘never enough’ mindset, constantly questioning if you’re putting in everything you can. It’s something I’ve always struggled with as an artist, and I’m still learning to redefine my relationship with work.”
– Jeannine Shinoda
What comes to mind when you think of art? For many, traditional forms like painting or sculpture may still be the first images. Yet, art has evolved—just as medicine and technology have. Social practice often takes forms that may not be immediately recognized as art. Practitioners work across roles, acting as administrators, activists, educators, or community organizers, and sometimes even question whether they are better suited to fields like sociology or politics. Pablo Helguera describes this “discomfort” as the ideal place for this art form, challenging us to expand our ideas of what art can be.
I had known about the long-standing nonprofit Ikoi No Kai well before meeting its director, Jeannine Shinoda. For over 45 years, Ikoi No Kai has served the Japanese American community in Portland through its lunch program. They provide Japanese meals on Tuesdays and Thursdays, with mostly Asian-influenced dishes on Mondays and Fridays. All meals are prepared from scratch, often incorporating donations such as fresh salmon or garden-grown cucumbers.
I met Jeannine earlier this year at the Art and Zine Fest at Reed College when she stopped by our PSU MFA Art and Social Practice booth. I was intrigued by the idea of an artist serving as the director of a community organization supporting Japanese elders. This connection led to a collaborative event in the summer of 2024, where visiting Japanese artists and I engaged with the community at Ikoi No Kai. The collaboration was a tremendous success, and through this experience, I came to admire Jeannine’s approach and sensitivity even more.
Midori Yamanaka : First of all, how did you get started working at Ikoi No Kai? And how long have you been working here?
Jeannine Shinoda: I first discovered Ikoi No Kai in 2019 after moving back to Portland, motivated by a desire to immerse myself in the local food scene. I was curious about the types of food being celebrated here, so I attended a JACL(Japanese American Citizens League) meeting, drawn by the promise of a special bento. During the meeting, I met Setsy Sadamoto Larouche, a long-time board member of the Japanese Ancestral Society, who introduced me to Ikoi No Kai, describing it as “the best unknown restaurant in town.” Intrigued, I visited and enjoyed the experience so much that I began returning regularly, sometimes as often as once a week.
At some point, I heard they were looking for a site manager. Initially, I wasn’t interested since my main focus was fine dining and creative food work in a restaurant setting. I continued on that path, but when the pandemic hit in 2020, things changed. Partway through, Setsy reached out again, mentioning the position was still open. By then, I was in a different place in my life and open to new possibilities. Though it was a part-time role and didn’t fully align with my initial career goals, I felt it would be a rewarding experience that would bring positive energy into my life. So, I applied and began working at Ikoi No Kai, not entirely sure what to expect, but confident that it would be meaningful.
Midori: Interesting. So, you’ve been working here for almost four years now?
Jeannine: Almost—it’s been about three and a half years.
Midori: You started as a part-time site manager, but now you’re the Director in a full-time capacity. What changes have taken place over these three and a half years?
Jeannine: I began writing grants right from the start, recognizing their importance for funding as a nonprofit. Securing grants became a way to bring in resources, and once I raised enough, I proposed shifting to a full-time role. With the funding in place, I transitioned to working here full-time.
Midori: So, you essentially created your own position here!
Jeannine: Yes, in a way. I turned the role into a full-time position by securing enough funding through grants. A part-time role just wasn’t sustainable for me, so I essentially funded my own full-time position.
Midori: Impressive! You began with grant writing, but now you’re doing so much more. How did the role evolve in such a short time?
Jeannine: When I started, we were still closed due to the pandemic, so I had to relaunch nearly everything from scratch—buying supplies, finding volunteers, and managing many shifts that had occurred during the closure. Remarkably, though, everyone wanted to return—chefs and volunteers alike. We didn’t lose many people, and they all knew exactly what to do when we reopened. The existing systems were so strong and well-liked that things almost ran themselves. It was incredible to see the community’s dedication and how well everything functioned, thanks to the foundation that had been laid even before I joined.
Midori: Everyone passed down their knowledge to you, so no experience was lost even after a year and a half of closure.
Jeannine: Exactly. I started part-time, with an interim site manager who had worked here before the pandemic training me for a couple of months. From there, I thought, “This is wonderful; how can I make this work for me?” That’s when I began securing outside funding. Each grant allowed me to launch different projects, like the oral history project*, and I would write proposals for anything new I wanted to bring to life without using funds set aside for the lunch program**. If I received the grant, I’d make the project happen.
*Oral History Project records and preserves the personal histories of Japanese Americans who have lived in the Portland region for many years, capturing their stories in their own words. These recordings are available online here.
**The Lunch Program, Ikoi No Kai’s main initiative for over 45 years, provides freshly prepared Japanese and Asian-inspired meals four times a week, fostering community connections and cultural exchange.
Midori: You’re not just the site manager anymore; you’re really cultivating new initiatives and a culture here.
Jeannine: I realized I wanted to direct the program. I see myself orchestrating things and helping them happen, which led to my transition from site manager to director. It was an evolution, defining how I view myself in this role and what I wanted my title to reflect.
Midori: It sounds like you’ve really made this space your own, bringing a fresh perspective that honors the community’s roots while also encouraging growth and new ideas.
Jeannine: Yes. We have a committee here, like a board, and I approached them about officially designating myself as director. They agreed, and I took on the title. As an outsider to this community—unlike many members who have lifelong ties to Portland or whose families have been involved for generations—I saw untapped potential here. The richness of this community, along with the warmth, energy, and generosity, truly inspired me. I began envisioning what we could achieve together and felt motivated to explore new possibilities.
There’s an incredible range of talents among the people here; many have led vibrant lives and have so much to offer. I’m always open to collaboration and welcome others’ ideas, supporting them whenever I can. One of my goals is to create an inclusive, welcoming environment where we can explore and develop what the community truly wants.
Midori: It seems like this role is a great fit for you—you enjoy it so much. But I wonder, has there been any significant challenge you’ve faced in this role?
Jeannine: The biggest challenge is finding the balance between how much of myself I can give to this job and what I reserve for myself. The work here demands a lot of social energy, which I put fully into being present and engaged with the community. This means that when I’m home, I don’t have the same energy to entertain or socialize privately, which is a trade-off I’ve accepted for now. I’ve chosen to dedicate that energy here, and while I enjoy it, it’s a balance I need to manage.
Midori: I find that really interesting. Balancing personal and professional life can be so difficult, especially in nonprofit work. When I worked in a nonprofit, it was more than just a job—it was deeply personal. My daughter and I were both so involved, and I often found myself overworking without even…
Jeannine: Thinking about it?
Midori: Exactly!
Jeannine: It’s easy to give so much without realizing the toll it can take. Everything flows so naturally, especially since these projects are passion projects. But that’s the challenge for artists—knowing when to stop. Boundaries become blurred when you’re managing your passions, identity, and the extent of your investment. Where does the project end, and where do you begin?
Midori: How do you set those boundaries between your passion and maintaining a sustainable, healthy lifestyle?
Jeannine: It’s really challenging. When I first started, I was so exhausted by the job that I couldn’t do anything else. I’d be completely overwhelmed and just lay on the floor at home, too overstimulated and drained to do much. There was so much to learn and manage that all I could do was get through each day. Now, I’ve realized the importance of incorporating self-care into my routine to keep a better balance.
Midori: So now you have a routine!
Jeannine: Yes, I’ve built a lot of self-care into my routine, which has helped me gradually build more capacity. Working here provides a defined space for my work, unlike when I focused solely on my own art, which could happen anytime, anywhere. Now, even though I’m passionate about what I do, it’s designated as part of my job, and I try not to bring it home with me unless it’s an emergency. I work hard while I’m here, but I leave it here, creating boundaries that weren’t always there.
Of course, there are exceptions—like submitting a grant at midnight over the holidays. Sometimes, while visiting my family out of state, I’ll work on a project and tell them I need several hours to focus. But generally, I’m careful not to let work spill over, which has really helped me maintain a balance. Otherwise, it’s easy to fall into that “never enough” mindset, constantly questioning if you’re putting in everything you can. It’s something I’ve always struggled with as an artist, and I’m still learning to redefine my relationship with work.
Midori: In recent years, I’ve also come to truly appreciate the importance of self-care and maintaining boundaries between my work and personal life. I remember being taken aback when a friend pointed this out to me at a previous job. She was an American woman who had lived in Japan for a long time, and she said, “Japanese people often struggle to draw boundaries between work and personal life, and by the time they realize it, they’re already burned out. You should be careful, too.” Looking back, I can see I was running on adrenaline and pushing myself too hard—it was a risky way to work! (laughs)
How do you practice self-care?
Jeannine: I do yoga on Sunday, Monday, and Wednesday.
Midori: Oh, wow. Do you go to a studio, or…?
Jeannine: I do it online, but it’s through a studio. So I do that. I try to make sure I spend time in nature, and I aim to do some kind of bodywork, like acupuncture or massage, every 2 to 4 weeks. I also meditate a lot, usually twice a day, for at least half an hour, and sometimes up to two and a half hours.
Midori: Wow, that’s a lot!
Let’s talk about the zine you just released, called “Homecooked – a collaborative + intergenerational zine cookbook.” I saw the opening spread, and it’s just beautiful! How did the project come together? How did it start?
Jeannine: At Ikoi No Kai, we all share a deep appreciation for heritage and food, recognizing how they connect us to our identities and histories. The idea behind “Homecooked” was to invite people to bring their favorite dishes, creating a space where everyone could share and discuss their connections to food and culture. It’s been an evolving journey, starting with strawberries and the agricultural history of strawberry picking within the community, and now focusing on home cooking and shared recipes, highlighting everyone’s favorite dishes.
About two years ago, we organized our first “Strawberry Social” event, where people shared stories about their experiences with strawberry picking in the Portland region. It was a fantastic learning experience, incorporating screen printing, storytelling, and food. From that event, we learned a lot about what we enjoyed, what didn’t work, and what we wanted to do differently in the future.
The following year, we held our first “Homecooked” event, refining the concept to make it simpler and more engaging for both us and the attendees. We wanted something relatively easy that we were passionate about and that would resonate with the community. Participants brought their favorite home-cooked recipes and memories, creating their own spreads for the zine by hand right there at the event.
Midori: That’s amazing. It sounds like this project isn’t finished yet, and you seem to have an even bigger vision than I thought.
Jeannine: Yes! We’re currently working on a dessert cookbook, which will be coming out soon. It’ll be smaller—about 50 pages—but it follows the zine ethos of capturing whatever happened in the moment, exactly as it was, no more, no less. This wasn’t something meticulously planned or scripted; it’s simply a record of a time, place, and event. I think that’s really fun, right? Each book or chapter we create will have its own unique feel, shaped by whatever is happening at the time.
Midori: That’s so exciting! I can’t wait to see the dessert cookbook. You definitely come across as a social practice artist to me, but how do you identify yourself?
Jeannine: I’m always an artist and an architect, no matter what I do. Even though I’m the director here, that identity as an artist took a long time to claim. Who gets to call themselves an artist?
Midori: Yeah, it’s hard.
Jeannine: Exactly—who gets to make that call? I think you just have to claim it for yourself and get comfortable with that. It’s part of who I am now, and I don’t need an art exhibition to validate my artistry.
Midori: True, but you identify as an artist—always. That’s just who you are.
Jeannine: Yes, but it wasn’t always that easy. Now I do, but back in 2012, at the start of grad school, I didn’t.
Midori: When did that shift happen?
Jeannine: I’m not sure. It was gradual—eventually, you just keep saying, “I’m an artist,” until it feels natural. Over time, it became something I could claim and own.
Midori: Thank you for sharing.
Jeannine: Of course. It’s not always comfortable. All of this can feel uncomfortable.
Midori: It took me a while to call myself an artist too. Even now, it’s sometimes convenient, and sometimes it’s not, because people don’t always understand what it means to be an artist.
Jeannine: Exactly. It often requires a lot of explanation, because there are so many ways to be an artist.
Midori: True.
Jeannine: It requires explanation—if people are genuinely curious, it takes some explaining. But if they’re truly interested, it doesn’t matter whether you’re an artist or not.
Midori : So true. Thank you.
Jeannine : No, thank you!
Jeannine Shinoda (she/her) is an artist currently serving as the director of Ikoi No Kai, a nonprofit organization that has operated a community lunch program for over 45 years to foster connections within the Japanese American community and beyond. After teaching at Oregon College of Art and Craft and Woodbury University, Ms. Shinoda transitioned to freelance work focused on food, which eventually led her to Ikoi No Kai. She successfully elevated the program’s profile by securing grants and promoting it through social media, expanding her role into a full-time position. She holds a Bachelor of Architecture from Carnegie Mellon University and an MFA in Sculpture from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Her deep passion for food and culture fuels her ongoing commitment to the community.
Midori Yamanaka (she/her) is an artist and educator based in Portland, Oregon, with roots in a unique Japanese town by the Okhotsk Sea. Her early life, devoid of local art museums but rich in cultural uniqueness, sparked a deep interest in community and creativity. A graduate of the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California, Midori has pursued a career marked by socially engaged projects and cultural exchange, leading her into the field of Art and Social Practice. Now advancing her studies at Portland State University, her work bridges cultural gaps and fosters community engagement, reflecting her ongoing exploration of art’s role in societal connection.
“My Best Friend Lives Abroad!” – Friendships in the Distance
“I’ve always believed that friends are the family we choose. For me, life would be very difficult without being accompanied. Having unconditional people is a blessing. Even though you’re far away, I know I can count on you unconditionally. People tell me I romanticize friendship, but I do it because I’ve seen how valuable it is.”
– Laura Alpizar
Friendship is a unique and intriguing bond. One day, you meet someone without any blood ties or romantic intentions, and you decide that you want to love them and keep them in your life in that special way that only friendship can offer. This bond has connected Laura and I for almost 20 years, from their idealistic adolescence in San José, Costa Rica, to adulthood, despite living in different countries.
Maintaining a long-distance friendship is not easy, and we know this well. In this interview, we reflect on friendship, distance, loneliness, and how to cultivate a relationship under these circumstances. We also explore how friendship can be an artistic theme. It is an intimate conversation about friendships in the distance, a letter of friendhood spanning from San José, Costa Rica, to Portland, Oregon.
Manfred Parrales: The last time we were together was four years ago, and today we’re here to talk about friendship. I think the best way to start is by talking about who we are and where we come from.
Laura Alpizar: Sure! I’m Laura, I’m 34 years old and I’m a Taurus, for anyone who’s interested. I’m a sociologist, but I work in digital marketing. In my free time, I like to make podcasts and write novels. And well, Manfred and I are best friends.
Manfred: We’ve been friends since our teenage years, that’s almost 20 years of friendship. We’ve been through the good, the bad, the worst, and the best. But in the last four years, we haven’t been able to be together physically, you in Costa Rica and I in the United States. How do you feel our friendship has changed over this time?
Laura: It’s been complicated, really strange. Many aspects of my life have changed, and you haven’t been there for those moments. For example, I became independent, and you’ve never seen my apartment. My little dogs passed away and you weren’t there. Birthdays that we couldn’t celebrate together, when before we would meet every week for coffee or to go out. Definitely, the dynamic has changed, but not the love. That’s still intact, even though it’s now at a distance.
Manfred: I feel the same. Amazing things have happened that I would never have experienced in Costa Rica, both good and bad, and many times I’ve felt alone, without a close friend to hug me or give me advice in person. It’s been tough, a real exercise in what long-distance friendship means. How important is friendship to you, and how do you define it?
Laura Alpizar: I’ve always believed that friends are the family we choose. For me, life would be very difficult without being accompanied. Having unconditional people is a blessing. Even though you’re far away, I know I can count on you unconditionally. People tell me I romanticize friendship, but I do it because I’ve seen how valuable it is. You’re an example of that chosen family. Knowing that you exist makes life much more bearable and enjoyable.
Manfred Parrales: How has your view of friendship changed since we’ve been apart? It’s like now we have a long-distance friendship.
Laura Alpizar: It’s been a time of reevaluation. I’ve thought a lot about the essential components of a lasting friendship. For example, is it the everyday moments that keep the bond, or is it the time spent together? Despite the distance, we’re still friends, and the love is still there. However, it’s true that friendships require maintenance, and we call each other every week to share our lives. I’ve learned to appreciate friendship in a different way, even if we don’t meet for coffee every week.
Manfred Parrales: Sometimes we have very high expectations about what maintaining a long-distance friendship means, and the reality can be different. It happened to me when I moved; I thought it would be easy, but it’s actually complicated. There have been moments when something happened, very good or really bad, and I thought, “I wish Laura were here; she’s the only one who would understand this and laugh or cry with me.”
Laura Alpizar: Yes, I understand. For me, birthdays are a clear example. We used to celebrate them together, we would organize dinners and share kind words. I miss those spontaneous conversations like when we’d meet for coffee and I’d tell you about my problems or joys of the moment.
Manfred Parrales: I also felt that lack of moments of absolute loneliness, no friends, nobody that speaks my language or when I went through a broken heart and didn’t have a friend nearby. However, the strength of our friendship in the distance was felt because I could send you a message and I knew you’d listen, even if from afar. During that time too. The memories come to mind often. I have a lot of memories of what happened in Costa Rica during those years. I think about our stories from when we were young. For example, when we were in the scouts, I always think about that time, the trips we made to international camps, and, for example, the crazy thing of going to El Salvador and staying after the camp to spend New Year’s with friends we made at the camp to celebrate the new year there.
Laura Alpizar: Yes, I think it was with some scouts from El Salvador. Ending up spending New Year’s there is a memory I still have very vividly, and that happened over 15 years ago. I keep it very present.
Manfred Parrales: Is there a memory from our friendship adventures that you always tell people about?
Laura Alpizar: Well, the one from El Salvador, for sure. That’s a big one. I also think a lot about the time when we lived together. I used to say you were so annoying because you always wanted to make pancakes on Sundays haha. I also remember our roommate days, the trips to Acapulco. There are so many beautiful memories, we met at so many stages, even when we went to university and took a few courses together. We studied completely different things, but we shared moments. We even made a short film together. Do you remember what people thought? They thought we liked each other.
Manfred Parrales: Oh, yes! I thought, “Friend, come on…” I don’t think things would work out with a girl.
Laura Alpizar: We made a short film together at that Mormon girl’s house. We’ve done so many things together, from going to the beach to camps and spending time with our families. We’ve been through the good, the bad, and the worst. I remember so well the times we went to eat rice with chicken at La Sopa Tapia in San José and then made coffee at La Sabana. For me, those were great moments.
Manfred Parrales: Yes, those were incredible moments. The good times are easy to remember, but also the bad ones, and that’s what defines a friendship. For me, one of the moments when I reaffirmed our friendship was when my family went through really terrible situations, and you were there. I really appreciate that; sometimes actions speak louder than words.
Laura Alpizar: Yes, I remember taking you to live at my house. It was a tough time, but that’s what it’s like to live with your best friend, right? Sometimes we idealize the experience, but it can be different in reality. It was difficult because you were going through grief, and I wanted to help you get through it all, but I learned that you can’t control people or speed up their healing process. The only thing I could do was be present.
Manfred Parrales: That’s true. Depression and loneliness are part of life, and we often avoid talking about them. In Costa Rica, we’re reluctant to discuss topics like mental health. How has your mental health been these years?
Laura Alpizar: I’ve always been an anxious person, but in my 30s, I’ve learned to cope with it better. I’ve tried to find peace with my anxiety. For me, it’s more about existential questions and the fear of death. How about you?
Manfred Parrales: For me, it’s been more about facing depression. I thought moving to another country would solve my problems or make me happier than ever, but it’s not like that. Sometimes, problems or sadness get bigger when you leave your home country.
Laura Alpizar: Totally. Moving to another country is like starting a new life, but emotional problems don’t disappear with the change of location.
Manfred Parrales: People here ask me if I miss Costa Rica, and what I miss isn’t the country, but those four or five people I want to see until the last of my days.
Laura Alpizar: Yes, I see it the same way. It’s not so much a nationalist thing, but the people I care about.
Manfred Parrales: If you could give advice to someone whose best friend is moving abroad, what would it be?
Laura Alpizar: I’d tell them to keep in touch, even if it’s just weekly calls. Don’t stop sharing little things, laughing together, and sharing sad moments. It’s important to keep being present in each other’s lives, even from a distance. And be honest.
Manfred Parrales: Yes, I agree. Honesty is essential. Sometimes it’s better to say, “I miss you, and I’m feeling a little sad today,” rather than pretending everything’s okay. Distance is hard, but the relationship can continue to grow if you’re honest and keep in touch.
Laura Alpizar: That’s right. Friendship is based on honesty, even when it’s uncomfortable or humiliating. I know you won’t judge me, and I wouldn’t judge you either.
Manfred Parrales: One additional question I have is whether you believe friendship can be a theme for art in its entirety.
Laura Alpizar: In the writing class that I’m taking, I told them that I’m writing my first novel. My professor, a Mexican writer who facilitates the workshop, shared something interesting.
She said that everyone, especially in creative processes, tends to have macro-themes that run through them—those big themes that shape their lives and often show up in their works. These macro-themes could be love, justice, friendship, life, death, betrayal, and so on.
I believe that friendship is one of those themes that has been written about a lot and has been represented in various forms of art. I think it’s totally worth exploring, because those who can say they have a true friend know that it’s a complete blessing.
Manfred Parrales: Is there anything you haven’t told me over all these years that you’d like to share now?
Laura Alpizar: No, I think I’ve always been honest with you. But I am thinking about returning because we know that coming back to Costa Rica after living abroad can be difficult if that’s the case.
Manfred Parrales: I’ve always thought that the friends I made in Costa Rica are the ones I want to keep until the last of my days. I hope we can see each other and share moments in person soon. The love of friendship is an act of pure and selfless love, and with you, I’ve seen that. I always remember that night at the wedding in Guanacaste of our friend Claudia, when you cried because I was leaving the country. That showed me how much you care about me. It was such an emotional moment for me. The love of friendship is different from familial or romantic love because it’s a conscious decision to love someone without expecting anything in return.
Laura Alpizar: Exactly. We decided to love each other as friends, and for me, that’s the most valuable thing.
It’s clear that distance doesn’t break a friendship. Instead, it brings new challenges and ways of nurturing the bond. Our friendship is a reminder that, even when miles apart, love, communication, and time shared in meaningful ways can keep any friendship alive and strong. From San Jose to Portland, to beyond, the commitment to maintaining a long-distance friendship is a testament to the importance of human connection.
Laura Alpizar (She/her) is A Costa Rican sociologist working in digital marketing. Taurus, for anyone who’s interested. In her free time, she likes to make podcasts and write novels.
Manfred Parrales (His/Him)
Manfred Parrales is a dynamic young Latino artist whose work spans from designer and art historian, to social practice and community building. With a multifaceted educational background, extensive professional experience, and a profound passion for art history, video languages and community engagement, Parrales views art as a collaborative endeavor, transcending individual expression.
His journey in the arts began with bachelor’s degrees in Art History and studies in Design and visual communication in Costa Rica, and currently pursuing a master’s degree in Art and Social Practice at Portland State University. His career has taken him across Latin America and the United States, where he’s gained invaluable experience in museums, education, technology, and various artistic disciplines.
Swimming Towards Each Other
“I’m not a choreographer of things, I’m a teacher. So I like to make a forum and then inside of that forum, chaos can happen. I’m interested in the unpredictable results of creating some kind of frame many people can work within.”
– Nora Almeida
I met artist and activist Nora Almeida at a workshop she was facilitating with members of the Hydrofeminist Map Collective this summer in Brooklyn, New York. During this workshop we considered what embodied water practices could look like in an urban space. We circled the same block three times while paying attention to the water of our bodies and water systems of the city around us. Individually we roamed, letting our curiosity and senses guide our pathways while simultaneously subverting the conventions of the street. We ended our investigation collectively, small drops slowly pouring into the streets, flowing around construction workers and impatient pedestrians. On Fulton Street that day, we became something powerful and fluid, everchanging together.
The looping and noticing practice of the workshop was familiar to me as a lap swimmer where each seemingly mundane lap holds new information if you let it. I’ve long been interested in the swimming pool as a site of possibility and exchange. Throughout my life the pool has been my hobby, my workplace, my obsession, my therapy, my people, and now – with the beginning of a self-initiated Artist In Residence project at my local public pool – my studio. So I was delighted to learn that Nora too was a swimmer and became eager to know more about how she brings her work into the open water. This fall we sat down to paddle through ideas around swimming as a tool for meeting your neighbors, making art, and questioning the systems at play.
Clara Harlow: I’m curious about your swimming history. Where did your swimming practice begin and how did it start to intersect with your organizing, art, and writing practices?
Nora Almeida: I grew up in Rhode Island on the bay swimming competitively. So when I went to sleep, I could hear the tide. I’m a water person, it’s like a part of my body, I guess. So I’ve been swimming for a long time and I’m really interested in public infrastructure. My background is in poetry and I’ve been a librarian now for a long time, so back in 2015 I wrote an essay about the municipal pools in New York City because I was interested in them, but I don’t think that swimming became more present in my art practice until about five years ago. I live in Gowanus [in Brooklyn, NY] in a building that floods when it rains pretty regularly, and I just became obsessed with water and started getting really involved in activism around the canal and the rezoning of this neighborhood.
So I have that historic water relationship from growing up, but swimming became a different thing to me in the pandemic because I couldn’t regularly access water. When all the pools closed, I was just like, What will I do? I swim every day. So I started swimming outside, but it was really hard because they were policing the beach at Coney [Island]. I swam a couple times anyway and just gave the cops the finger. But then I went to the National seashore, which wasn’t policed because it’s the National Parks Department and started swimming there.
So it just became this different thing to me. It became more like a way to understand an ecosystem. After being in water for 20 minutes your body actually starts to like change, like your body temperature adjusts and you start to understand the conditions of the water, like how the current is moving. It’s very meditative, like you connect with the ecosystem in different ways. There’s also a lot of fear, but in an exciting way.
Clara: Do you feel more drawn to open water swimming than swimming in a pool these days?
Nora: Yeah, I do now, but there are a lot of unpredictable elements in open water swimming too and you always feel a little bit afraid. But then when you can leave your fear around being out in the ocean, you leave all your other fears. You know what I mean? Like, I bring a lot of my fear and sadness to the ocean, and then once you’re in the water for a while you lose a lot of perspective and start to become farther away from your terrestrial self the longer that you go. I mostly swim at Brighton Beach now, and it just feels really free.
Clara: I feel so inspired by your open water practice. I grew up swimming mainly in pools and lakes in the Midwest, and it really does feel so different in the body and in the brain swimming across a lake and back versus the repetition of the lane. I’d love to open water swim with you when I’m back in New York!
Nora: Yeah, please come! I’m hoping to make it until November this year, I don’t know if I can be a polar bear plunger. I mean, I’m in neoprene already, but we’ll see how it goes.
Clara: Do you find that you’ve been able to cultivate a more organic community through the open water swimming at Brighton Beach versus swimming at a pool or community center in New York?
Nora: Yeah it’s more of a social community, because it’s the beach, so people are just hanging out and swimming. One person always brings donuts. Last weekend I had extra cyanotype, so I brought it to the beach and everyone laid on it, and we made a swimmer cyanotype and then went swimming. On the weekends, you can go there anytime between 7:30 am and 3 pm and there are people there. Or you meet someone and you’re like, Oh, we’re the same pace. Let’s go swimming together again! and you exchange numbers.
Clara: Yeah that makes sense to me, it’s such a natural gathering place. I joined St John’s community center in my neighborhood in Brooklyn earlier in the pandemic with the hopes of making some connections and getting out of my bubble a little bit, but I found people were really there to swim their laps, like clock in and clock out. It was hard to make buddies in the lanes, although I had a bit more luck in the locker room with the older women going to aqua aerobics. I was kind of surprised how much people were “staying in their lane,” as the saying goes. That’s not the community center pool culture I’m used to back in the Midwest.
Now I go to my community center in Portland pretty regularly, and for various reasons, people seem to have a softer schedule and are down to dish in the lanes and the hot tub more. That’s been a really nice shift because I agree, at the beach or lake it’s much easier to make friends. There’s something about the intensity of the swimming workout and getting your laps in that doesn’t always leave a lot of space for making connections. Which is the thing that I love the most about the pool – the community that can happen organically. Like, I love swimming too, but I’m really interested in what can happen in the container of swimming.
What’s happening in the container of swimming in your practice lately?
Nora: For the past few years I’ve been working on site specific investigations and oral histories near ecologically disturbed waterways where there’s large public housing populations. I was working in Red Hook, Brooklyn for like a year just like popping up in public parks with a sign that said, “Would you swim here?” and “What if this Park was Underwater?” and then doing interviews, talking to people about their relationship with water and swimming and that opened a lot of doors.
And then last year while I was on sabbatical, I went swimming as research. So I was in South America and in Mexico City for most of the time and I wanted to find out how people swim in other places. I tried to find a public place to swim wherever I went, if possible. I also swam in open water whenever I could and it was interesting, because all the places that I went to had different problems with water. Some places had drought, but pretty much every place I went to did not have water that was safe to drink and there were a lot of problems with the privatization and regulation of water, or the government seizing community-owned land. They don’t have government protected land in a lot of places, so if the government’s like, we want to take this land, or a rich person is like, I want to buy this land, they basically just push local people out. So I learned a lot about water and the environmental struggles kind of around that.
Clara: I love that idea of swimming as research. I always try to find a place to swim when I’m traveling too. You really can find so much information about the place in these sites of recreation and play.
How does collaboration function in your practice?
Nora: I’ve been doing some long term collaboration at Coney Island Creek. I’ve spent a couple years down there working mostly with a videographer, iki nakagawa, who’s documenting acts of care for the land, and has a dance and embodiment background, so she brings that into her videography practice. So I’ve been working with her, and we’ve been doing a lot of community events, beach cleanups, and screenprinting down there in conjunction with local organizers.
And I would say that most of my work, regardless of what it is, is about this question of urban or spatial transformation and an attempt at the ephemeral, usually. But like, to me, that can be just cleaning, you know what I mean? It’s a great way to get to know people, because people are like, Oh, are you cleaning the beach? And you’re like, Yes! and they’re like, Thank you, or they tell you about what they’re doing. But it can also be a big performance art piece.
And then there’s my Open Water project, where I do my oral histories. My friend Jordan Packer does a map, so people can map the water they see the most. That’s usually the entry point for the oral histories, like, what water do you see the most in your day to day life? And would you swim there? And then it kind of gets things going. People can mark it on the map with different color codes for fear, memories, feelings, wildlife, you know.
Then I developed this idea to do some embodied mapping with Jordan, andrea haenggi, a body-based interdisciplinary artist who I’ve done previous collaborations with, and Estephania Mompean Botais who’s doing a PhD in Switzerland and using Gowanus as a case study. Estephania’s dissertation is about the state of emergency, and she was interested in how maps are used as a land management tool, and how everyone trusts a map and sees it as truth. So we were like let’s do an embodied map, let’s do a feminist map. Let’s bring the map into the body, like transforming the space by making a human a live map, and then documenting the process of mapping as an annotation, and that being representational, so then you have this critique of what a map looks like and how it’s created. Usually it’s created by one person for economic land management purposes, so kind of like countering that.
Clara: Tell me about the mapping event the Hydrofeminist Map Collective has coming up in Gowanus.
Nora: So I basically was doing some performance artwork around the Gowanus Canal and some of the redevelopment of my neighborhood, and ecological problems that were more focused on urban activism and urban erasure and autonomy. The fact that there is a lot of regulation and lack of access to water and swimming education was part of my performance and activism work. Swimming was always my thing but they started to intersect more when I started getting interested in doing more experimental embodied work, in part because of some of my collaborators.
I’m like, Yay, people to just do stuff with. I don’t really do a lot of didactic collaboration. I’m not a choreographer of things, I’m a teacher. So I like to make a forum and then inside of that forum, chaos can happen. I’m interested in the unpredictable results of creating some kind of frame many people can work within. Same with collaboration, I think it’s interesting when people bring their practice, I learn a lot from them.
So we’re doing this live mapping in Gowanus, and asking questions around emergency and the idea of feeling water that’s erased. And thinking about water and flooding as a memory that you can connect to your own experience and memories, and thinking about all the water in your own body, and connections to waterways. With the Gowanus Canal I can’t ask the same questions. No one can swim there [because it’s so toxic], I don’t have to ask about urban development. All around us is the intrusion of high rise apartment buildings. So I was like, what’s actually the thing you need to think about in Gowanus? How can I even get people to think about this water as alive? So many people talk to me about Gowanus because it’s the grossest body of water.
Clara: Right, it’s a punchline in New York.
Nora: So how can we make people think about the water as alive, especially since now there’s no place to access it? So that’s part of what we’ve been trying to do with the Hydrofeminist MapCollective. Creating a sensory experience of connecting to the water as a living body that’s also connected to other bodies of water where things are still alive in it.
What kind of swimming projects have you been up to?
Clara: This year, I’m starting a project that functions as a self-appointed Artist In Residence of sorts at my community pool in Portland. This residency doesn’t exist already, and I haven’t worked with an institution in this way before so I’m kind of navigating whether to go a bureaucratic route or do my own thing in the space.
I love living in Portland, but it’s been really different trying to meet neighbors here. Because in New York, we live in a giant pre-war building, you know, six floors, and we have a dog, so we’re always in and out of the apartment, meeting people. But here everyone’s spread further apart in houses and we’re pretty much the only renters on our block, so the public pool has been the one place where I really have been able to meet a lot of my neighbors organically.
Nora: Yeah, it’s really hard. I mean, here [in New York] especially. The stuff we’ve been doing at Coney Island Creek has happened in this much more municipal way, in a way that is limiting to me. iki is really interested in the bureaucracy, but I’ve been a public employee for 17 years, so I like my guerilla stuff. It’s interesting to me, when you need to respect the work that’s already happening there and work in a more bureaucratic way with a permit. Next week when we do a shoreline cleanup and printing workshop, the Parks Department is there, and I have a permit, so there’s those kinds of differences in the way that you can organize.
Clara: Yeah, it’s been interesting thinking about what we can do with or without permission in public or semi-public space and how that changes whether it’s just you or you’re part of a group. That was something I was thinking about a lot when participating in your workshop this September. How does being part of a collective allow you to access public space in a way that you wouldn’t be able to on your own?
Nora: Yeah exercising urban autonomy is a big part of it, transforming space with other people. And you need other people to really do it at a large scale.
Clara: Totally, and it’s just more fun that way.
Nora Almeida is an urban swimmer, performance artist, educator, and activist based in Lenapehoking. Her art explores intersections of archiving, environmental investigation, and spatial disruption. Recent public artworks—Last Street End in Gowanus (2021), Land Use Intervention Library (2022), Creek: Two Cavities of the Heart (ongoing), and Open Water (ongoing)—focus on relationships between people and environmentally disturbed, post-industrial waterfront spaces.
Clara Harlow (she/her) is an interdisciplinary artist, designer, and former preschool teacher from Omaha, Nebraska. Her work operates as an invitation into themes of celebration, play, exchange, and alternative ways of measuring time and value. Through experiential events and interactive objects geared towards the public, Clara is interested in how we can turn the dilemmas of the everyday into an opportunity for experimental problem solving and collective delight. You can most likely find her at the local swimming pool in Brooklyn, New York or Portland, Oregon.
Radical Comfort
“I see a lot of films as a kind of a projection of a hopeful and wonderful world. To be able to show trans bodies existing in a loving way.”
– Amelia Morrison
I met Amelia a year ago as a classmate while taking a History of Social Practice class at Portland State University. Our friendship didn’t come to fruition until much later in the year, when we were classmates studying abroad in Italy. Soon after arriving, we realized we had both brought a paper copy of Hito Steryl’s Duty Free Art: Art in the Age of Planetary Civil War.
A unique choice for plane literature. It was then that I knew our fate as friends was sealed.
Our friendship continues to be fueled by emailing each other PDFs of our favorite essays and gossipping about whether the mysterious Claire Fontaine is leaving one star Yelp reviews in Portland. I’m deeply inspired by how Amelia voraciously reads, watches, and experiences the world around them. Through these diligent studies, Amelia extracts their unique vision for creating their liberatory work. For this interview I took time to chat more with them about their influences, pursuits of scholarly research, and the power of feminist film and image making.
Nina Vichayapai: So, I had an Amelia watch party thanks to your YouTube channel and it was wonderful. Could you start by talking a little bit about your practice and how it formed?
Amelia Morrison: I got into video making in 2018, 2019, because I was connecting with a lot of people’s stories through their vlogs. And, this is kind of corny, but I wanted to become a vlogger. I thought it was maybe a way to make money. But I also wanted to participate in this online community of people who were sharing stories. It felt very futuristic to me and it still does. An online community of people who share their lives with one another and then have the ability to travel to different places through video. I wanted to participate in that, but I also found that vlogging was really hard for me. Talking to a camera felt uncomfortable. But I have been collecting clips of things for a long time.
It wasn’t really until I got to Portland State University that I started to really invest in myself as an artist and try and discover what medium I wanted to focus on. There, I started to take my photography and video work really seriously.
Nina: Was there a specific moment, class, or professor that was part of shaping that path into video art for you?
Amelia: I took Intro to Video Art with Julie Perini and made some pieces that I was really proud of. Working with Julie also has helped me connect some experiences I had in 2020 related to protesting police violence and violence against black people in the United States. Through that, I started realizing that putting your body in front of a line of police officers as a way to protest these things wasn’t necessarily going to be a sustainable way to fight against police violence.
Making videos started to feel like the most effective way that I could be using my time and energy. I was taking a lot of video footage at that time. And I think a lot of people were experiencing this realization of how powerful it was to take pictures and film the protests, to document what was happening.
Getting to work with Julie, who also has worked in documenting police violence in Portland, was really inspiring to me. Before I returned back to school after taking a long break, a big part of my reasoning was wanting to become a more effective activist but feeling like I didn’t have the right toolkit to do that. So I wanted to go back to school and get those tools, but I didn’t really know what exactly I wanted to focus on when I started. But with video art, things just started to flow.
Nina: I’m curious about what you choose to film. Along with the work you’ve done on protests, there’s a lot of videos of your friends and loved ones captured in a tender moment, or having intimate conversations. What do you look for in deciding to film something and what is it like to have your subjects be the people around you?
Amelia: I look for deep comfort in my work and I want to feel real consent from the people around me. Like, during some of the times we were together on our trip in Italy I was like, “oh, I’m sorry I’m filming so much.” And you just go, “it’s part of your project.” That sense of understanding and support is what I look for and makes me feel like it’s a good moment to film.
But this also means that sometimes I feel kind of limited with what I can do. Things don’t happen for a long time. You’re building a relationship and building trust. That was a big part of the film, In Images, that I made, which was really about celebrating these queer relationships that I have.
As I get older, as a queer person, it’s really hard to find the kind of community that I imagined for myself. I felt like I and the people I love were all experiencing some really deep feelings of loneliness and isolation when I made In Images. So I wanted to document those relationships because they felt very precious.
Nina: While I was watching In Images I was thinking about how vulnerable it was to be seeing Sam Wrigglesworth the photographer take a photo of someone else while they were nude. So both the subject and photographer were nude. It’s pretty contradictory to the typical photographer subject relationships you see, where only the subject would be nude. That shared experience of vulnerability and intimacy seems pretty rare. You show your queer community in a really respectful way that resists voyeurism which I really admire.
I know you’re deeply inspired by the people you’re close to, like Sam or Julie, but I’m wondering where else you’re drawing from when you make your films. Could you talk about some of your influences and research?
Amelia: Sam Wrigglesworth has been a big inspiration to me. Sam is a teacher and is receiving the Tee Corrine Fellowship at Ohio State University. Tee Corrine is a famous lesbian photographer and poet. She participated in lesbian separatist communities in southern Oregon and started a workshop called the Ovulars. The focus was to put cameras in the hands of lesbians and have them photograph each other. A really beautiful book of the Ovulars came out of that called Notes on Fundamental Joy, by Carmen Winot.
So Sam has done a lot of research on the Ovulars and is directly inspired by the work of Tee Corrine, which I’m also really inspired by.
The whole idea was about women taking photos of each other while they were all naked. Not necessarily all the time. It dealt with concepts of power and who is in front of the camera and who’s behind the camera, and also documenting things in many layers where the camera becomes a part of the photograph and you see nudity on both sides, but it’s really more than nudity. It’s about sharing vulnerability as a photographic project. Both Sam and I have been really inspired by that idea. And this idea of having a friendship that is documented in a way that is loving.
The more I started to read about the idea of the apparatus, the camera as an apparatus, and the oppositional gaze in movies, I started to really see how interesting and intellectual the work of people like Tee Corrine is. Which is kind of interesting because I think as a human, as a queer person who is assigned a female gender, those things are obvious. When you’re not in an intellectual setting, it feels obvious that we should take photos of each other and have it be in this safe way based on sharing. But I think the more you study the history of cinema and photography, the more you realize how powerful and important that safety and consent is.
Through understanding the history I see that it’s much more radical than I realized when I was living it.
Nina: I know you want to pursue a PhD and do research. How does art and research come together in your practice? There’s an intensity to how you engage with both of those things and it seems like you’re equally invested in both.
Amelia: I would like to do both. I think for me right now, the emphasis on research comes from a real desire to want to understand academic conversations and engage with them on a certain level with basic ideas that feel inherent to what I already know or have always known. I want to beable to discuss those concepts in a way that is reinforced by some kind of intellectual understanding. I have a lot of ideas about intersectional feminism and queer culture and the way that we can change society through images and also through living in certain types of communities.
I’m inspired to continue to do research because I would like to learn what people have said before and also go beyond that.
Like obviously, I’m really excited by some of those concepts. And when you read about it, you can go more deeply into them, and that seems like a liberatory practice right now, because it feels like an opportunity to break out of some of the entrenched stereotypes and societal ideologies that live in your mind.
Nina: Do you feel a need to make art from the research?
Amelia: I’m always going to be an artist. I don’t really question if I’ll be an artist or continue making art because it’s inherent to the way I live my life and process my emotions and feel good about myself.
In research I really just want to know more about these topics because it feels like we’re under attack. I didn’t grow up feeling like I was a queer person under attack and now I really do. Part of that is understanding myself as a trans person and seeing that just because our nation accepts gay marriage, that isn’t equivalent to other issues like trans liberation. And understanding that globally, homophobia is being used more and more as a tool for nationalist political parties.
We’re going to need to continue to struggle. And political struggle looks different for everyone. For me, studying queer histories and feminist concepts feels like a way that I can continue to fight.
Nina: It’s interesting to me that fighting those issues can happen through contributing to research but also through art making for you. I think that is why a lot of artists make art, though. Because they have a hopeful vision and want to manifest something that they see.
Amelia: I see a lot of films as a kind of a projection of a more hopeful and wonderful world. To be able to show trans and other marginalized bodies existing in a loving way. That’s a concept from a lot of black feminist film theory that I’m inspired by as well, like Julie Dash’s 1991 film Daughters of the Dust or Cheryl Dunye’s The Watermelon Woman. There’s such a power to those films. That’s how I feel about the Ovulars as well. I just think about how it’s actually so rare to see all these naked lesbians taking photos of each other. And having seen them, the images are in me, making me feel more connected to myself somehow.
I would like to continue contributing to those kinds of hopeful images based on things that I’ve experienced.
Nina: So what are some things you’re hoping to do next?
Amelia: This year I’m trying to make work that starts from a place of feeling. I have a lot of space to work on my BFA project. So instead of starting with a more intellectual or political concept, I want to use that space to follow what feels best. Which is a way of artmaking that I think I use a lot more for projects outside of school.
When you’re in an art program there’s a lot of focus on production. But I’m trying to take the time to feel my way through my next project. So I’m working on a series of photographs that will hopefully lead me into a larger image based project like a photo book or film.
A question that is guiding my work right now is, “what are the liberatory potentials for images that are made by people outside the dominant narrative? How are these images different from the plastic representations that are typically seen?”
And so for my personal artistic work I’m asking what the world looks like from my perspective. I’m finding that in a lot of the work that I’ve shared, people have read feelings of grief. I’m exploring why that might be and what that might say about my perspective and the way I experience the world. I’m realizing that trauma impacts the way that I see the world.
So I’m working on a series of portraits and a lot of the portraits are obscured in some way, which is becoming more intentional but wasn’t always. So I’m thinking about how relationships can be obscured by trauma.
I’m also thinking about my own experiences with reproductive trauma. It’s not something that I’ve talked a lot about in my art work but it’s coming from a place of personal experience.
A lot of my work, I think, will always be political, since that’s such a part of the way I live my life and the way that I put myself in the world. So I’m trying to make space in this work to find the political meaning later.
Beyond this project, I’m hoping to display my work more after I graduate and apply to grad school.
Nina: That idea of allowing the work to find political meaning naturally is really interesting. I’ve also been thinking a lot about resisting the urge to force political meaning in my work. It can be really exhausting especially as a person of color to live with that pressure. Learning to trust instead that politics will be evident in the work you do and is evident across the whole body of what you do, because it’s a part of your life, has been really freeing.
Amelia: I agree. Just the act in investing in our practices does have the potential to create the political change that we need. And I think that’s valuable.
Nina: Exactly. Sometimes when big things happen in the world, I’ll still be like “but why am I making art?” But I feel like a lot of art, especially the art you make and the way you make it, is really about care too. And that care does extend out and also creates a really empathetic image. I feel like all of those things have a really big impact.
Amelia: Yeah. And no matter what you make, you can have a humanistic practice. And I think that is also really impactful.
Nina: Definitely. Are you interested in teaching someday? Any ideas on what you’d teach?
Amelia: I would love to teach. Intersectional feminist media studies would be interesting. I would love to teach histories through the ways that people are wrongfully projected and then the way that they project themselves. Like illustrating how the idealized white woman from Hollywood in the 1940’s has been projected onto all women. And then showing how women, black feminists, and queer people have reclaimed media and made their own projections of reality.
There’s something really potent about teaching history through media studies, for me personally, because ideologies are sustained through media. A lot of fascist ideologies are being conveyed in particular. I would love to explore that concept with people and teach in a way that’s very direct and focused on being an activist or creating positive change. And also showing the agency there when you pick up a camera and create your own projection. I think that has a lot of power and can really affect people.
Nina: That sounds incredible. I would love having you as a professor!
Nina Vichayapai (she/her) is an artist whose research excavates for signs and representations of belonging in the globalized world around her. She explores what it means to belong within the American landscape for underrepresented communities. Born in Bangkok, Thailand, she graduated from the California College of the Arts with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in 2017. Nina currently lives in the Pacific Northwest.
Amelia Morrison (they/them) is an artist whose work explores feminist perspectives in images and image making. Currently, they are seeking to answer this question: What new paradigms emerge when marginalized individuals are the ones crafting images? Their work is informed by the ethics of community care and a belief that a loving approach to art making is just as valuable as the product. They are a BFA student at Portland State University.
ig: @aj.morrison
